Act No. 13 of 2017. Introduced by /u/General_Rommel. Assented to 2017-12-07.
Parliament of AustraliaSim
House of Representatives
AustraliaSim Constitution Bill 2017
(Hon. General Rommel MP)
(As Amended)
(Passed by both Houses)
A Bill for an Act to constitute the Commonwealth of AustraliaSim
WE the people of the Commonwealth of Australia, agree to unite in one indissoluble Federal
Commonwealth under the Crown of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and under the
Constitution hereby established:
BE it therefore enacted in accordance to the procedures contained within the previous Constitution of
Australia, and by the will of the electors:
1 Short Title
This Act may be cited as the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act.
2 Act to extend to the Queen’s successors
The provisions of this Act referring to the Queen shall extend to Her Majesty’s heirs and successors in
the sovereignty of the United Kingdom.
3 Proclamation of Commonwealth
The Governor-General for the Commonwealth, acting for the Queen, shall declare by proclamation
that the people of AustraliaSim shall be united in a Federal Commonwealth composing of the states
and territories as existed immediately before the commencement of the AustraliaSim Constitution.
4 Commencement of Act
The Commonwealth shall be established, and the Constitution of the Commonwealth shall take effect,
on the day that it receives the Royal Assent, and by the will of the electors.
5 Operation of the Constitution and laws
This Act, and all laws made by the Parliament of the Commonwealth under the Constitution, shall be
binding on the courts, judges, and people of every State and of every part of the Commonwealth,
notwithstanding anything in the laws of any State
6 Definitions
The Commonwealth shall mean the Commonwealth of AustraliaSim as established under this Act.
The States shall mean the states of New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria, Western
Australia, and South Australia, as for the time being are parts of the Commonwealth, and such
colonies or territories as may be admitted into or established by the Commonwealth as States; and
each of such parts of the Commonwealth shall be called a State.
Original States shall mean such States as are parts of the Commonwealth at its establishment.
7 Repeal of Federal Council Act
The Federal Council of Australasia Act, 1885, is hereby repealed, but so as not to affect any laws
passed by the Federal Council of Australasia and in force at the establishment of the Commonwealth.
Any such law may be repealed as to any State by the Parliament of the Commonwealth, or as to any
colony not being a State by the Parliament thereof.
8 Application of Colonial Boundaries Act
After the passing of this Act the Colonial Boundaries Act, 1895, shall not apply to any colony which
becomes a State of the Commonwealth; but the Commonwealth shall be taken to be a self-governing
colony for the purposes of that Act.
9 Application of other legislation
All legislation passed between 1st January 1901 till the commencement of the Constitution shall apply
(whether passed in the Commonwealth of Australia or, since the inception of AustraliaSim, passed in
the Commonwealth of AustraliaSim), unless it directly contradicts a term of the Constitution. If it
does, that section will be excluded to the extent of the contradiction.
10 Extent of application of AustraliaSim Constitution
This Act extends to any subreddit on reddit.com, or any website, online service, or other electronic
platform that is directly related to:
i) the electors of AustraliaSim;
ii) political parties participating in AustraliaSim
iii) the Legislature;
iv) the Judiciary;
v) the Executive; or
vi) the media of AustraliaSim
11 Constitution
The Constitution of the Commonwealth shall be as follows:
The Constitution
This Constitution is divided as follows:
Chapter I—The Parliament
Part I—General
Part II—The Senate
Part III—The House of Representatives
Part IV—Both Houses of the Parliament
Part V—Powers of the Parliament
Chapter II—The Executive Government
Chapter III—The Judicature
Chapter IV—Finance and Trade
Chapter V—The States
Chapter VI—New States
Chapter VII—Miscellaneous
Chapter VIII—Alteration of the Constitution
The Schedule
AustraliaSim Constitution
Chapter I—The Parliament
Part I—General
1 Legislative Power
The legislative power of the Commonwealth shall be vested in a Federal Parliament, which shall
consist of the Queen, a Senate, and a House of Representatives, and which is hereinafter called The
Parliament, or The Parliament of the Commonwealth.
2 Governor-General
A Governor-General appointed by the Queen shall be Her Majesty’s representative in the
Commonwealth, and shall have and may exercise in the Commonwealth during the Queen’s pleasure,
but subject to this Constitution, such powers and functions of the Queen as Her Majesty may be
pleased to assign to him.
3 Salary of Governor-General
There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue fund of the Commonwealth, for
the salary of the Governor-General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides,
shall be $425,000.
The salary of a Governor-General shall not be altered during his continuance in office.
4 Provisions relating to Governor-General
The provisions of this Constitution relating to the Governor-General extend and apply to the
Governor-General for the time being, or such person as the Queen may appoint to administer the
Government of the Commonwealth; but no such person shall be entitled to receive any salary from the
Commonwealth in respect of any other office during his administration of the Government of the
Commonwealth.
5 Sessions of Parliament. Prorogation and dissolution
The Governor-General may appoint such times for holding the sessions of the Parliament as he thinks
fit, and may also from time to time, by Proclamation or otherwise, prorogue the Parliament, and may
in like manner dissolve the House of Representatives.
Summoning Parliament
After any general election, the Parliament shall be summoned to meet not later than one week after
the day appointed for the return of the writs.
First session
The Parliament shall be summoned to meet not later than two weeks after the establishment of the
Commonwealth.
6 Yearly session of Parliament
The Parliament shall sit for at least 8 months per year.
Part II—The Senate
7 The Senate
The Senate shall be composed of senators for Australia, directly chosen by the people of Australia,
voting, until the Parliament otherwise provides, as one electorate. The Australian Capital Territory
and Northern Territory must also be represented in the Senate.
Until the Parliament otherwise provides there shall be seven senators for AustraliaSim. The
Parliament may make laws increasing or diminishing the number of senators for AustraliaSim,
however it must not be lower than seven senators.
The senators shall be chosen for a term of double the length of members, and the names of the
senators chosen shall be certified by the Governor-General.
8 Qualification of electors
The qualification of electors of senators shall be in each State that which is prescribed by this
Constitution, or by the Parliament, as the qualification for electors of members of the House of
Representatives; but in the choosing of senators each elector shall vote only once.
9 Method of election of senators
The Parliament of the Commonwealth may make laws prescribing the method of choosing senators,
and the times and places of elections of senators, but such laws shall be uniform for all the States.
10 (Repealed)
11 Failure to choose senators
The Senate may proceed to the despatch of business, notwithstanding the failure of any State to
provide for its representation in the Senate.
12 (Repealed)
13 Rotation of senators
If the Constitution commences during a period where the Parliament is prorogued due to a general
election, the usual senate rotation shall apply. Otherwise, the following paragraph shall be followed:
As soon as may be after the Senate first meets, and after each first meeting of the Senate following a
dissolution thereof, the Senate shall divide the senators chosen for each State into two classes, as
nearly equal in number as practicable; and the places of the senators of the first class shall become
vacant at the expiration of the same amount of time as a member is elected for, and the places of those
of the second class at the expiration of double the time as a member is elected for, from the beginning
of their term of service; and afterwards the places of senators shall become vacant at the expiration of
double the time as a member is elected for from the beginning of their term of service.
The election to fill vacant places shall be made within two weeks before the places are to become
vacant.
For the purposes of this section the term of service of a senator shall be taken to begin on the day the
senator is sworn in.
14 Further provision for rotation
Whenever the number of senators for a State is increased or diminished, the Parliament of the
Commonwealth may make such provision for the vacating of the places of senators for the State as it
deems necessary to maintain regularity in the rotation.
15 Casual vacancies
Where a vacancy has at any time occurred in the place of a senator and at the time when they were so
chosen, they were publicly recognized by a political party as being an endorsed candidate of that
party, a person chosen or appointed under this section in consequence of that vacancy, shall, unless
there is no member of that party available to be chosen or appointed, be a member of that party.
Should the resignation be that of an Independent or should a party be unable to provide a senator, their
seat shall be replaced by the next candidate declared to have reached the quota by the AustraliaSim
Electoral Commission at the last election, or a nationwide vote shall be held shall it be deemed
necessary.
16 Qualifications of senator
The qualifications of a senator shall be the same as those of a member of the House of
Representatives.
17 Election of President
The Senate shall, before proceeding to the despatch of any other business, choose a senator to be the
President of the Senate; and as often as the office of President becomes vacant the Senate shall again
choose a senator to be the President.
The President shall cease to hold his office if he ceases to be a senator. He may be removed from
office by a vote of the Senate, or he may resign his office or his seat by writing addressed to the
Governor-General.
18 Absence of President
Before or during any absence of the President, the Senate may choose a senator to perform his duties
in his absence.
19 Resignation of senator
A senator may, by writing addressed to the President, or to the Governor-General if there is no
President or if the President is absent from the Commonwealth, resign his place, which thereupon
shall become vacant.
20 Vacancy by absence
The place of a senator shall become vacant if for two consecutive weeks of any session of the
Parliament he, without the permission of the Senate, fails to attend the Senate.
However, the Senate may otherwise provide for a shorter period till the place of a senator is made
vacant via absence. But, such a provision shall be no less than 5 consecutive days, or no less than 10
votes.
21 Vacancy to be notified
Whenever a vacancy happens in the Senate, the President, or if there is no President or if the President
is absent from the Commonwealth a senator performing the President’s duties, shall notify the
Governor-General of the vacancy.
22 Quorum
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, the presence of at least one-third of the whole number of the
senators shall be necessary to constitute a meeting of the Senate for the exercise of its powers.
23 Voting in the Senate
Questions arising in the Senate shall be determined by a majority of votes, and each senator shall have
one vote. The President shall in all cases be entitled to a vote; and when the votes are equal the
question shall pass in the negative.
Part III—The House of Representatives
24 Constitution of House of Representatives
The House of Representatives shall be composed of members directly chosen by the people of the
Commonwealth, and the number of such members shall be, as nearly as practicable, twice the number
of the senators.
The number of members chosen in the several States shall be in proportion to the respective numbers
of their people, and shall, until the Parliament otherwise provides, be determined, whenever
necessary, in the following manner:
(i) a quota shall be ascertained by dividing the number of the people of the Commonwealth, as shown
by the latest statistics of the Commonwealth, by twice the number of the senators;
(ii) the number of members to be chosen in each State shall be determined by dividing the number of
the people of the State, as shown by the latest statistics of the Commonwealth, by the quota; and if on
such division there is a remainder greater than one-half of the quota, one more member shall be
chosen in the State.
25 (Repealed)
26 (Repealed)
27 Alteration of number of members
Subject to this Constitution, the Parliament may make laws for increasing or diminishing the number
of the members of the House of Representatives.
28 Duration of House of Representatives
Every House of Representatives shall continue for three months from the first meeting of the House,
and no longer, but may be sooner dissolved by the Governor-General.
29 Electoral divisions
The Parliament of the Commonwealth may make laws for determining the divisions in each State for
which members of the House of Representatives may be chosen, and the number of members to be
chosen for each division. A division shall not be formed out of parts of different States.
30 Qualification of electors
The Parliament of the Commonwealth may make laws for determining the qualification of electors of
members of the House of Representatives; but in the choosing of members each elector shall vote
only once.
31 Application of State laws
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, but subject to this Constitution, the laws in force in each
State for the time being relating to elections for the more numerous House of the Parliament of the
State shall, as nearly as practicable, apply to elections in the State of members of the House of
Representatives.
32 Writs for general election
The Governor-General in Council may cause writs to be issued for general elections of members of
the House of Representatives.
After the first general election, the writs shall be issued within three days from the expiry of a House
of Representatives or from the proclamation of a dissolution thereof.
33 Writs for vacancies
Whenever a vacancy happens in the House of Representatives, the Speaker shall issue his writ for the
election of a new member, or if there is no Speaker or if he is absent from the Commonwealth a
member performing the Speaker’s duties may issue the writ.
34 Qualifications of members
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, the qualifications of a member of the House of
Representatives shall be as follows:
They must have an account on reddit, and must be an elector entitled to vote at the election of
members of the House of Representatives, or a person qualified to become such elector, and must
have been for three days at the least a resident within the limits of the Commonwealth as existing at
the time when he is chosen.
35 Election of Speaker
The House of Representatives shall, before proceeding to the despatch of any other business, choose a
member to be the Speaker of the House, and as often as the office of Speaker becomes vacant the
House shall again choose a member to be the Speaker.
The Speaker shall cease to hold his office if he ceases to be a member. He may be removed from
office by a vote of the House, or he may resign his office or his seat by writing addressed to the
Governor-General.
36 Absence of Speaker
Before or during any absence of the Speaker, the House of Representatives may choose a member to
perform his duties in his absence.
37 Resignation of member
A member may by writing addressed to the Speaker, or to the Governor-General if there is no Speaker
or if the Speaker is absent from the Commonwealth, resign his place, which thereupon shall become
vacant.
38 Vacancy by absence
The place of a member shall become vacant if for two consecutive weeks of any session of the
Parliament he, without the permission of the House of Representatives, fails to attend the House of
Representatives.
However, the House of Representatives may otherwise provide for a shorter period till the place of a
member is made vacant via absence. But, such a provision shall be no less than 5 consecutive days, or
no less than 10 votes.
39 Quorum
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, the presence of at least one-third of the whole number of the
members of the House of Representatives shall be necessary to constitute a meeting of the House for
the exercise of its powers.
40 Voting in House of Representatives
Questions arising in the House of Representatives shall be determined by a majority of votes other
than that of the Speaker. The Speaker shall not vote unless the numbers are equal, and then he shall
have a casting vote. However, if there are 21 members or less, the Speaker is entitled to a vote, and if
the vote is tied, it shall be negatived.
Part IV—Both Houses of the Parliament
41 Right of electors of States
A person who has the right to vote in a State or Territory shall have the right to vote for members or
senators in the Australian Parliament
42 Oath or affirmation of allegiance
Every senator and every member of the House of Representatives shall before taking his seat make
and subscribe before the Governor-General, or some person authorised by him, an oath or affirmation
of allegiance in the form set forth in the schedule to this Constitution.
43 Member of one House ineligible for other
A member of either House of the Parliament shall be incapable of being chosen or of sitting as a
member of the other House.
44 Disqualification
Any person who:
i) is under any acknowledgment of allegiance, obedience, or adherence to a foreign power,
or is a subject or a citizen or entitled to the rights or privileges of a subject or a citizen of
a foreign power; or
ii) is attainted of treason, or has been convicted and is under sentence, or subject to be
sentenced, for any offence punishable under the law of the Commonwealth or of a State
by imprisonment for one year or longer; or
iii) is an undischarged bankrupt or insolvent; or
iv) holds any office of profit under the Crown, or any pension payable during the pleasure of
the Crown out of any of the revenues of the Commonwealth; or
v) has any direct or indirect pecuniary interest in any agreement with the Public Service of
the Commonwealth otherwise than as a member and in common with the other members
of an incorporated company consisting of more than twenty-five persons;
shall be incapable of being chosen or of sitting as a senator or a member of the House of
Representatives.
But subsection (iv) does not apply to the office of any of the Queen’s Ministers of State for the
Commonwealth, or of any of the Queen’s Ministers for a State, or to the receipt of pay, half pay, or a
pension, by any person as an officer or member of the Queen’s navy or army, or to the receipt of pay
as an officer or member of the naval or military forces of the Commonwealth by any person whose
services are not wholly employed by the Commonwealth.
And subsection (i) does not apply to electors who are also electors of any other nation and/or are
citizens of any other nation, but are otherwise not under any acknowledgment of allegiance,
obedience, or adherence to a foreign power.
45 Vacancy on happening of disqualification
If a senator or member of the House of Representatives:
i) becomes subject to any of the disabilities mentioned in the last preceding section; or;
ii) takes the benefit, whether by assignment, composition, or otherwise, of any law relating
to bankrupt or insolvent debtors; or
iii) or indirectly takes or agrees to take any fee or honorarium for services rendered to the
Commonwealth, or for services rendered in the Parliament to any person or State;
his place shall thereupon become vacant.
46 Penalty for sitting when disqualified
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, any person declared by this Constitution to be incapable of
sitting as a senator or as a member of the House of Representatives shall, for every day on which he
so sits, be unable to participate in AustraliaSim for three days.
47 Disputed elections
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, any question respecting the qualification of a senator or of a
member of the House of Representatives, or respecting a vacancy in either House of the Parliament,
and any question of a disputed election to either House, shall be determined by the House in which the
question arises.
48 Allowance to members
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, each senator and each member of the House of
Representatives shall receive an allowance as set out in the Remuneration Tribunal Act 1973 and
associated laws.
49 Privileges etc. of Houses
The powers, privileges, and immunities of the Senate and of the House of Representatives, and of the
members and the committees of each House, shall be such as are declared by the Parliament, and until
declared shall be those declared by the Parliament before the constitution of the Commonwealth of
AustraliaSim.
50 Rules and orders
Each House of the Parliament may make rules and orders with respect to:
i) the mode in which its powers, privileges, and immunities may be exercised and upheld;
ii) the order and conduct of its business and proceedings either separately or jointly with the
other House.
Part V—Powers of the Parliament
51 Legislative powers of the Parliament
The Parliament shall, subject to this Constitution, have power to make laws for the peace, order, and
good government of the Commonwealth with respect to:
i) trade and commerce with other countries, and among the States;
ii) taxation; but so as not to discriminate between States or parts of States;
iii) bounties on the production or export of goods, but so that such bounties shall be uniform
throughout the Commonwealth;
iv) borrowing money on the public credit of the Commonwealth;
v) postal, telegraphic, telephonic, and other like services;
vi) the naval and military defence of the Commonwealth and of the several States, and the
control of the forces to execute and maintain the laws of the Commonwealth;
vii) lighthouses, lightships, beacons and buoys;
viii) astronomical and meteorological observations;
ix) quarantine;
x) fisheries in Australian waters beyond territorial limits;
xi) census and statistics;
xii) currency, coinage, and legal tender;
xiii) banking, other than State banking; also State banking extending beyond the limits of the
State concerned, the incorporation of banks, and the issue of paper money;
xiv) insurance, other than State insurance; also State insurance extending beyond the limits of
the State concerned;
xv) weights and measures;
xvi) bills of exchange and promissory notes;
xvii) bankruptcy and insolvency;
xviii) copyrights, patents of inventions and designs, and trade marks;
xix) naturalization and aliens;
xx) foreign corporations, and trading or financial corporations formed within the limits of the
Commonwealth;
xxi) marriage;
xxii) divorce and matrimonial causes; and in relation thereto, parental rights, and the custody
and guardianship of infants;
xxiii) invalid and old-age pensions;
xxiv) the provision of maternity allowances, widows’ pensions, child endowment,
unemployment, pharmaceutical, sickness and hospital benefits, medical and dental
services (but not so as to authorize any form of civil conscription), benefits to students
and family allowances;
xxv) the service and execution throughout the Commonwealth of the civil and criminal process
and the judgments of the courts of the States;
xxvi) the recognition throughout the Commonwealth of the laws, the public Acts and records,
and the judicial proceedings of the States;
xxvii) the people of any race, for whom it is deemed necessary to make special laws;
xxviii) immigration and emigration;
xxix) the influx of criminals;
xxx) external affairs;
xxxi) the relations of the Commonwealth with the islands of the Pacific;
xxxii) the acquisition of property on just terms from any State or person for any purpose in
respect of which the Parliament has power to make laws;
xxxiii) the control of railways with respect to transport for the naval and military purposes of the
Commonwealth;
xxxiv) the acquisition, with the consent of a State, of any railways of the State on terms arranged
between the Commonwealth and the State;
xxxv) railway construction and extension in any State with the consent of that State;
xxxvi) conciliation and arbitration for the prevention and settlement of industrial disputes
extending beyond the limits of any one State;
xxxvii) matters in respect of which this Constitution makes provision until the Parliament
otherwise provides;
xxxviii) matters referred to the Parliament of the Commonwealth by the Parliament or Parliaments
of any State or States, but so that the law shall extend only to States by whose Parliaments
the matter is referred, or which afterwards adopt the law;
xxxix) the exercise within the Commonwealth, at the request or with the concurrence of the
Parliaments of all the States directly concerned, of any power which can at the
establishment of this Constitution be exercised only by the Parliament of the United
Kingdom or by the Federal Council of Australasia;
xl) matters incidental to the execution of any power vested by this Constitution in the
Parliament or in either House thereof, or in the Government of the Commonwealth, or in
the Federal Judicature, or in any department or officer of the Commonwealth.
52 Exclusive powers of the Parliament
The Parliament shall, subject to this Constitution, have exclusive power to make laws for the peace,
order, and good government of the Commonwealth with respect to:
i) the seat of government of the Commonwealth, and all places acquired by the
Commonwealth for public purposes;
ii) matters relating to any department of the public service the control of which is by this
Constitution transferred to the Executive Government of the Commonwealth;
iii) other matters declared by this Constitution to be within the exclusive power of the
Parliament.
53 Powers of the Houses in respect of legislation
Proposed laws appropriating revenue or moneys, or imposing taxation, shall not originate in the
Senate. But a proposed law shall not be taken to appropriate revenue or moneys, or to impose
taxation, by reason only of its containing provisions for the imposition or appropriation of fines or
other pecuniary penalties, or for the demand or payment or appropriation of fees for licences, or fees
for services under the proposed law.
The Senate may not amend proposed laws imposing taxation, or proposed laws appropriating revenue
or moneys for the ordinary annual services of the Government.
The Senate may not amend any proposed law so as to increase any proposed charge or burden on the
people.
The Senate may at any stage return to the House of Representatives any proposed law which the
Senate may not amend, requesting, by message, the omission or amendment of any items or
provisions therein. And the House of Representatives may, if it thinks fit, make any of such omissions
or amendments, with or without modifications.
Except as provided in this section, the Senate shall have equal power with the House of
Representatives in respect of all proposed laws.
54 Appropriation Bills
The proposed law which appropriates revenue or moneys for the ordinary annual services of the
Government shall deal only with such appropriation.
55 Tax Bill
Laws imposing taxation shall deal only with the imposition of taxation, and any provision therein
dealing with any other matter shall be of no effect.
Laws imposing taxation, except laws imposing duties of customs or of excise, shall deal with one
subject of taxation only; but laws imposing duties of customs shall deal with duties of customs only,
and laws imposing duties of excise shall deal with duties of excise only.
56 Recommendation of money votes
A vote, resolution, or proposed law for the appropriation of revenue or moneys shall not be passed
unless the purpose of the appropriation has in the same session been recommended by message of the
Governor-General to the House in which the proposal originated.
57 Disagreement between the Houses
If the House of Representatives passes any proposed law, and the Senate rejects or fails to pass it, or
passes it with amendments to which the House of Representatives will not agree, and if after an
interval of one week the House of Representatives, in the same or the next session, again passes the
proposed law with or without any amendments which have been made, suggested, or agreed to by the
Senate, and the Senate rejects or fails to pass it, or passes it with amendments to which the House of
Representatives will not agree, the Governor-General may dissolve the Senate and the House of
Representatives simultaneously. But such dissolution shall not take place within two weeks before the
date of the expiry of the House of Representatives by effluxion of time.
If after such dissolution the House of Representatives again passes the proposed law, with or without
any amendments which have been made, suggested, or agreed to by the Senate, and the Senate rejects
or fails to pass it, or passes it with amendments to which the House of Representatives will not agree,
the Governor-General may convene a joint sitting of the members of the Senate and of the House of
Representatives.
The members present at the joint sitting may deliberate and shall vote together upon the proposed law
as last proposed by the House of Representatives, and upon amendments, if any, which have been
made therein by one House and not agreed to by the other, and any such amendments which are
affirmed by an absolute majority of the total number of the members of the Senate and House of
Representatives shall be taken to have been carried, and if the proposed law, with the amendments, if
any, so carried is affirmed by an absolute majority of the total number of the members of the Senate
and House of Representatives, it shall be taken to have been duly passed by both Houses of the
Parliament, and shall be presented to the Governor-General for the Queen’s assent.
58 Royal assent to Bills
When a proposed law passed by both Houses of the Parliament is presented to the Governor-General
for the Queen’s assent, he shall declare, according to his discretion, but subject to this Constitution,
that he assents in the Queen’s name, or that he withholds assent.
Recommendations by Governor-General
The Governor-General may return to the house in which it originated any proposed law so presented
to him, and may transmit therewith any amendments which he may recommend, and the Houses may
deal with the recommendation.
59 (Repealed)
60 (Repealed)
Chapter II—The Executive Government
61 Executive power
The executive power of the Commonwealth is vested in the Queen and is exercisable by the
Governor-General as the Queen’s representative, and extends to the execution and maintenance of this
Constitution, and of the laws of the Commonwealth.
62 Federal Executive Council
There shall be a Federal Executive Council to advise the Governor-General in the government of the
Commonwealth, and the members of the Council shall be chosen and summoned by the
Governor-General and sworn as Executive Councillors, and shall hold office during his pleasure.
63 Provisions referring to Governor-General
The provisions of this Constitution referring to the Governor-General in Council shall be construed as
referring to the Governor-General acting with the advice of the Federal Executive Council.
64 Ministers of State
The Governor-General may appoint officers to administer such departments of State of the
Commonwealth as the Governor-General in Council may establish.
Such officers shall hold office during the pleasure of the Governor-General. They shall be members of
the Federal Executive Council, and shall be the Queen’s Ministers of State for the Commonwealth.
Ministers to sit in Parliament
No Minister of State shall hold office unless he is or becomes a senator or a member of the House of
Representatives.
65 Number of Ministers
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, the Ministers of State shall not exceed ten in number, and
shall hold such offices as the Parliament prescribes, or, in the absence of provision, as the
Governor-General directs.
66 Salaries of Ministers
There shall be payable to the Queen, out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth,
for the salaries of the Ministers of State, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise
provides, is to be based on the Remuneration Tribunal Act 1973 and associated laws.
67 Appointment of civil servants
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, the appointment and removal of all other officers of the
Executive Government of the Commonwealth shall be vested in the Governor-General in Council,
unless the appointment is delegated by the Governor-General in Council or by a law of the
Commonwealth to some other authority.
68 Command of naval and military forces
The command in chief of the naval and military forces of the Commonwealth is vested in the
Governor-General as the Queen’s representative.
69 (Repealed)
70 Certain powers of Governors to vest in Governor-General
In respect of matters which, under this Constitution, pass to the Executive Government of the
Commonwealth, all powers and functions which at the establishment of the Commonwealth are
vested in the Governor of a Colony, or in the Governor of a Colony with the advice of his Executive
Council, or in any authority of a Colony, shall vest in the Governor-General, or in the
Governor-General in Council, or in the authority exercising similar powers under the Commonwealth,
as the case requires.
Chapter III – The Judicature
71 Judicial power and Courts
The judicial power of the Commonwealth shall be vested in a Federal Supreme Court, to be called the
High Court of Australia, and in such other federal courts as the Parliament creates, and in such other
courts as it invests with federal jurisdiction. The High Court shall consist of a Chief Justice, and so
many other Justices, not less than two, as the Parliament prescribes.
72 Judges’ appointment, tenure, and remuneration
The Justices of the High Court and of the other courts created by the Parliament:
i) shall be appointed by the Governor-General in Council;
ii) shall be approved by a joint sitting of the Parliament;
iii) shall not be removed except by the Governor-General in Council, on an address from
both Houses of the Parliament in the same session, praying for such removal on the
ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity;
iv) shall receive such remuneration as the Parliament may fix; but the remuneration shall not
be diminished during their continuance in office.
The appointment of a Justice of the High Court shall be for a term expiring upon his attaining the age
of seventy-five years, and a person shall not be appointed as a Justice of the High Court if he has
attained that age.
The appointment of a Justice of a court created by the Parliament shall be for a term expiring upon his
attaining the age that is, at the time of his appointment, the maximum age for Justices of that court and
a person shall not be appointed as a Justice of such a court if he has attained the age that is for the
time being the maximum age for Justices of that court.
Subject to this section, the maximum age for Justices of any court created by the Parliament is
seventy-five years.
The Parliament may make a law fixing an age that is less than seventy years as the maximum age for
Justices of a court created by the Parliament and may at any time repeal or amend such a law, but any
such repeal or amendment does not affect the term of office of a Justice under an appointment made
before the repeal or amendment.
A Justice of the High Court or of a court created by the Parliament may resign his office by writing
under his hand delivered to the Governor-General.
Nothing in the provisions added to this section by the Constitution Alteration (Retirement of Judges)
1977 affects the continuance of a person in office as a Justice of a court under an appointment made
before the commencement of those provisions.
A reference in this section to the appointment of a Justice of the High Court or of a court created by
the Parliament shall be read as including a reference to the appointment of a person who holds office
as a Justice of the High Court or of a court created by the Parliament to another office of Justice of the
same court having a different status or designation.
73 Appellate jurisdiction of High Court
The High Court shall have jurisdiction, with such exceptions and subject to such regulations as the
Parliament prescribes, to hear and determine appeals from all judgments, decrees, orders, and
sentences:
i) of any Justice or Justices exercising the original jurisdiction of the High Court;
ii) of any other federal court, or court exercising federal jurisdiction; or of the Supreme
Court of any State, or of any other court of any State from which at the establishment of
the Commonwealth an appeal lies to the Queen in Council;
iii) of the Inter-State Commission, but as to questions of law only;
and the judgment of the High Court in all such cases shall be final and conclusive.
But no exception or regulation prescribed by the Parliament shall prevent the High Court from hearing
and determining any appeal from the Supreme Court of a State in any matter in which at the
establishment of the Commonwealth an appeal lies from such Supreme Court to the Queen in
Council.
Until the Parliament otherwise provides, the conditions of and restrictions on appeals to the Queen in
Council from the Supreme Courts of the several States shall be applicable to appeals from them to the
High Court.
74 (Repealed)
75 Original jurisdiction of High Court
In all matters:
i) arising under any treaty;
ii) affecting consuls or other representatives of other countries;
iii) in which the Commonwealth, or a person suing or being sued on behalf of the
Commonwealth, is a party;
iv) between States, or between residents of different States, or between a State and a resident
of another State;
v) in which a writ of Mandamus or prohibition or an injunction is sought against an officer
of the Commonwealth;
vi) relating to an election of members or senators to the Parliament, whereby the election
results have been challenged;
the High Court shall have original jurisdiction.
76 Additional original jurisdiction
The Parliament may make laws conferring original jurisdiction on the High Court in any matter:
i) arising under this Constitution, or involving its interpretation;
ii) arising under any laws made by the Parliament;
iii) Admiralty and maritime jurisdiction;
iv) relating to the same subject-matter claimed under the laws of different States.
77 Power to define jurisdiction
With respect to any of the matters mentioned in the last two sections the Parliament may make laws:
i) defining the jurisdiction of any federal court other than the High Court;
ii) defining the extent to which the jurisdiction of any federal court shall be exclusive of that
which belongs to or is invested in the courts of the States;
iii) investing any court of a State with federal jurisdiction.
78 Proceedings against Commonwealth or State
The Parliament may make laws conferring rights to proceed against the Commonwealth or a State in
respect of matters within the limits of the judicial power.
79 Number of judges
The federal jurisdiction of any court may be exercised by such number of judges as the Parliament
prescribes.
80 Trial by jury
The trial on indictment of any offence against any law of the Commonwealth shall be by jury, and
every such trial shall be held in the State where the offence was committed, and if the offence was not
committed within any State the trial shall be held at such place or places as the Parliament prescribes.
Chapter IV—Finance and Trade
81 Consolidated Revenue Fund
All revenues or moneys raised or received by the Executive Government of the Commonwealth shall
form one Consolidated Revenue Fund, to be appropriated for the purposes of the Commonwealth in
the manner and subject to the charges and liabilities imposed by this Constitution.
82 Expenditure charged thereon
The costs, charges, and expenses incident to the collection, management, and receipt of the
Consolidated Revenue Fund shall form the first charge thereon; and the revenue of the
Commonwealth shall in the first instance be applied to the payment of the expenditure of the
Commonwealth.
83 Money to be appropriated by law
No money shall be drawn from the Treasury of the Commonwealth except under appropriation made
by law.
84 (Repealed)
85 (Repealed)
86 (Repealed)
87 (Repealed)
88 (Repealed)
89 (Repealed)
90 Exclusive power over customs, excise, and bounties
The power of the Parliament to impose duties of customs and of excise, and to grant bounties on the
production or export of goods, is exclusive.
91 Exceptions as to bounties
Nothing in this Constitution prohibits a State from granting any aid to or bounty on mining for gold,
silver, or other metals, nor from granting, with the consent of both Houses of the Parliament of the
Commonwealth expressed by resolution, any aid to or bounty on the production or export of goods.
92 (Repealed)
93 Trade within the Commonwealth to be free
On the imposition of uniform duties of customs, trade, commerce, and intercourse among the States,
whether by means of internal carriage or ocean navigation, shall be absolutely free.
94 (Repealed)
95 (Repealed)
96 (Repealed)
97 (Repealed)
98 Trade and commerce includes navigation and State railways
The power of the Parliament to make laws with respect to trade and commerce extends to navigation
and shipping, and to railways the property of any State.
99 Commonwealth not to give preference
The Commonwealth shall not, by any law or regulation of trade, commerce, or revenue, give
preference to one State or any part thereof over another State or any part thereof.
100 Nor abridge right to use water
The Commonwealth shall not, by any law or regulation of trade or commerce, abridge the right of a
State or of the residents therein to the reasonable use of the waters of rivers for conservation or
irrigation.
101 (Repealed)
102 (Repealed)
103 (Repealed)
104 (Repealed)
105 Taking over public debts of States
The Parliament may take over from the States their public debts as existing at the establishment of the
Commonwealth, or a proportion thereof according to the respective numbers of their people as shown
by the latest statistics of the Commonwealth, and may convert, renew, or consolidate such debts, or
any part thereof; and the States shall indemnify the Commonwealth in respect of the debts taken over,
and thereafter the interest payable in respect of the debts shall be deducted and retained from the
portions of the surplus revenue of the Commonwealth payable to the several States, or if such surplus
is insufficient, or if there is no surplus, then the deficiency or the whole amount shall be paid by the
several States.
105A Agreements with respect to State debts
(1) The Commonwealth may make agreements with the States with respect to the public debts
of the States, including:
(a) the taking over of such debts by the Commonwealth;
(b) the management of such debts;
(c) the payment of interest and the provision and management of sinking funds in respect
of such debts;
(d) the consolidation, renewal, conversion, and redemption of such debts;
(e) the indemnification of the Commonwealth by the States in respect of debts taken over
by the Commonwealth; and
(f) the borrowing of money by the States or by the Commonwealth, or by the
Commonwealth for the States.
(2) The Parliament may make laws for validating any such agreement made before the
commencement of this section.
(3) The Parliament may make laws for the carrying out by the parties thereto of any such
agreement.
(4) Any such agreement may be varied or rescinded by the parties thereto.
(5) Every such agreement and any such variation thereof shall be binding upon the
Commonwealth and the States parties thereto notwithstanding anything contained in this Constitution
or the Constitution of the several States or in any law of the Parliament of the Commonwealth or of
any State.
(6) The powers conferred by this section shall not be construed as being limited in any way by
the provisions of section eighty-two of this Constitution.
Chapter V—The States
106A Legal fiction as to status of the states
All states are taken to exist as part of the AustraliaSim constitution. However, the states will be
constituted as fictional states, till the establishment via proclamation or otherwise, of the ability of the
state to be governed as part of the Commonwealth of AustraliaSim. Such states shall have their laws
frozen in place based on when AustraliaSim was created.
Until such a proclamation or otherwise is made reviving the state, the Australian Parliament shall
have power to make laws for the peace, order, and good government of the state, subject to any
limiting section of the AustraliaSim Constitution. Such states shall be treated as Territories per section
one-hundred and twenty-two with respect to the ability of the Parliament of Australia to make laws
concerning the states.
The Governor-General shall act, until a state is established via proclamation or otherwise, as the
Governor of the applicable state.
This section applies to the states of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia,
Western Australia and Tasmania.
A proclamation or otherwise that establishes the states of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria,
South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania, as exactly bounded before the creation of
AustraliaSim, shall not require the application of section one hundred and twenty-one of the
Constitution.
If a state is proclaimed, the state laws that are to apply to the new state are to be based on the state that
takes up the biggest proportion of land of the new state.
Unless such a state is established by proclamation or otherwise, the entirety of this Chapter, excluding
section 106A, 109 and 116, shall have no bearing. If a state is established by proclamation or
otherwise, the entirety of Chapter V shall apply to the Commonwealth’s relations with that particular
state only.
106 Saving of Constitutions
The Constitution of each State of the Commonwealth shall, subject to this Constitution, continue as at
the establishment of the Commonwealth, or as at the admission or establishment of the State, as the
case may be, until altered in accordance with the Constitution of the State.
107 Saving of Power of State Parliaments
Every power of the Parliament of a Colony which has become or becomes a State, shall, unless it is by
this Constitution exclusively vested in the Parliament of the Commonwealth or withdrawn from the
Parliament of the State, continue as at the establishment of the Commonwealth, or as at the admission
or establishment of the State, as the case may be.
108 Saving of State laws
Every law in force in a Colony which has become or becomes a State, and relating to any matter
within the powers of the Parliament of the Commonwealth, shall, subject to this Constitution,
continue in force in the State; and, until provision is made in that behalf by the Parliament of the
Commonwealth, the Parliament of the State shall have such powers of alteration and of repeal in
respect of any such law as the Parliament of the Colony had until the Colony became a State.
109 Inconsistency of laws
When a law of a State is inconsistent with a law of the Commonwealth, the latter shall prevail, and the
former shall, to the extent of the inconsistency, be invalid.
This includes legislation passed under section one hundred and six A of the Constitution.
110 Provisions referring to Governor
The provisions of this Constitution relating to the Governor of a State extend and apply to the
Governor for the time being of the State, or other chief executive officer or administrator of the
government of the State.
111 States may surrender territory
The Parliament of a State may surrender any part of the State to the Commonwealth; and upon such
surrender, and the acceptance thereof by the Commonwealth, such part of the State shall become
subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Commonwealth.
112 States may levy charges for inspection laws
After uniform duties of customs have been imposed, a State may levy on imports or exports, or on
goods passing into or out of the State, such charges as may be necessary for executing the inspection
laws of the State; but the net produce of all charges so levied shall be for the use of the
Commonwealth; and any such inspection laws may be annulled by the Parliament of the
Commonwealth.
113 Intoxicating liquids
All fermented, distilled, or other intoxicating liquids passing into any State or remaining therein for
use, consumption, sale, or storage, shall be subject to the laws of the State as if such liquids had been
produced in the State.
114 States may not raise forces. Taxation of property of Commonwealth or State
A State shall not, without the consent of the Parliament of the Commonwealth, raise or maintain any
naval or military force, or impose any tax on property of any kind belonging to the Commonwealth,
nor shall the Commonwealth impose any tax on property of any kind belonging to a State.
115 States not to coin money
A State shall not coin money, nor make anything but gold and silver coin a legal tender in payment of
debts.
116 Commonwealth not to legislate in respect of religion
The Commonwealth shall not make any law for establishing any religion, or for imposing any
religious observance, or for prohibiting the free exercise of any religion, and no religious test shall be
required as a qualification for any office or public trust under the Commonwealth.
117 Rights of residents in States
A subject of the Queen, resident in any State, shall not be subject in any other State to any disability
or discrimination which would not be equally applicable to him if he were a subject of the Queen
resident in such other State.
118 Recognition of laws etc. of States
Full faith and credit shall be given, throughout the Commonwealth to the laws, the public Acts and
records, and the judicial proceedings of every State.
119 Protection of States from invasion and violence
The Commonwealth shall protect every State against invasion and, on the application of the Executive
Government of the State, against domestic violence.
120 Custody of offenders against laws of the Commonwealth
Every State shall make provision for the detention in its prisons of persons accused or convicted of
offences against the laws of the Commonwealth, and for the punishment of persons convicted of such
offences, and the Parliament of the Commonwealth may make laws to give effect to this provision.
Chapter VI—New States
121 New States may be admitted or established
The Parliament may admit to the Commonwealth or establish new States, and may upon such
admission or establishment make or impose such terms and conditions, including the extent of
representation in either House of the Parliament, as it thinks fit.
122 Government of territories
The Parliament may make laws for the government of any territory surrendered by any State to and
accepted by the Commonwealth, or of any territory placed by the Queen under the authority of and
accepted by the Commonwealth, or otherwise acquired by the Commonwealth, and may allow the
representation of such territory in either House of the Parliament to the extent and on the terms which
it thinks fit.
123 Alteration of limits of States
The Parliament of the Commonwealth may, with the consent of the Parliament of a State, and the
approval of the majority of the electors of the State voting upon the question, increase, diminish, or
otherwise alter the limits of the State, upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed on, and may,
with the like consent, make provision respecting the effect and operation of any increase or
diminution or alteration of territory in relation to any State affected.
124 Formation of new States
A new State may be formed by separation of territory from a State, but only with the consent of the
Parliament thereof, and a new State may be formed by the union of two or more States or parts of
States, but only with the consent of the Parliaments of the States affected.
Chapter VII – Miscellaneous
125 Seat of Government
The seat of Government of the Commonwealth shall be, unless determined otherwise by the
Parliament, to be the city of Canberra located in the Australian Capital Territory.
126 Power to Her Majesty to authorise Governor-General to appoint deputies
The Queen may authorise the Governor-General to appoint any person, or any persons jointly or
severally, to be his deputy or deputies within any part of the Commonwealth, and in that capacity to
exercise during the pleasure of the Governor-General such powers and functions of the
Governor-General as he thinks fit to assign to such deputy or deputies, subject to any limitations
expressed or directions given by the Queen; but the appointment of such deputy or deputies shall not
affect the exercise by the Governor-General himself of any power or function.
To be appointed as a deputy, the deputy must either be a current Parliamentary Moderator or be
approved as per section one hundred and thirty-six. A deputy must not be a currently sitting
parliamentarian.
127 Running of Elections, etc.
Elections (including by-elections) for seats in the chambers are held as needed by the AustraliaSim
Electoral Commission (the AEC) which is responsible for ensuring that citizens can vote in the
appropriate division and that the population is proportionally represented. The AEC shall also carry
out referendums and plebiscites.
The AEC consists of an Electoral Commissioner, which shall be a non-politically affiliated member of
the Executive or Judiciary, and consists of non-politically affiliated assistants, appointed as seen fit by
the Commissioner. The Commissioner is nominated by the Governor-General and must be approved
by at least two-thirds of the Judiciary.
Assistants etc. may be appointed. If the Commissioner is not present the Assistant is to run the
functions of the AEC as required.
The Parliament may otherwise make laws that regulate the running of elections etc.
128 Parties
Until Parliament otherwise provides, the following is to be in place with respect to parties:
Parties must obtain four members to be recognised by the Electoral Commissioner, and may also be
dissolved at their discretion. The member requirement is waived if at least one member is a
parliamentarian. Parties shall appoint a Leader and their Deputy, and may appoint an Officer to act as
their party’s official point of contact. Should one of these roles resign, a replacement must be elected
within 48 hours.
Parties may form official coalitions with other parties and run together on the Senate ballot.
129 Discord
Until Parliament otherwise provides, the following is to be in place with respect to Discord:
The Discord server shall be a recognised place for communication regarding AustraliaSim. Parties are
entitled to a channel on the server, with access to each channel available to the Governor-General as
well members of the Judiciary with no political involvement. Other members of the Judiciary may not
access private channels but will have moderator powers. Parties may also get access to a voice
channel.
Two or more parties may request for a shared channel at the discretion of a Parliamentary Moderator.
MPs and Senators may convene on the channels of their appropriate chambers provided that the
Speaker/President is present.
Chapter VIII – Meta Issues
130 Rights and responsibilities of Governor-General
In general, the Governor-General shall be responsible for all the rights and duties required of them as
a Governor-General (issuing writs, assenting to bills, etc.) and be a Parliamentary Moderator.
131 Governor-General is Parliamentary Moderator
Whoever exercises the office of the Governor-General shall be a Parliamentary Moderator until they
cease to hold the office.
132 Method of Choosing a Governor-General
The Federal Executive Council has the right to appoint a Governor-General of their choosing at any
time, subject to section one hundred and thirty-three of the Constitution.
However, the Federal Executive Council must provide a replacement. If this does not happen within
three days of their removal of the Governor-General or otherwise required, the Chief Justice of the
High Court of Australia shall become the Governor-General.
During the time in which a replacement Governor-General is being decided on, the Chief Justice of
the High Court will collectively act as the Governor-General.
133 Agreement of selection of Governor-General
A new Governor-General must be approved by a joint sitting of Parliament to be conducted no more
than three days after their appointment. If the Parliament is not sitting during this time, the members
composing the Parliament at the time of adjournment, promulgation, etc. shall be taken to constitute
the members of Parliament for the purposes of the joint sitting.
134 Absence or resignation of Governor-General
If the Governor-General is, despite the best effort of Parliamentary Moderators, unreachable or
unresponsive after two consecutive days without notice, the Chief Justice of the High Court of
Australia shall be Acting Governor-General.
If, after a further five consecutive days the Governor-General continued to be, despite the best effort
of Parliamentary Moderators, unreachable or unresponsive, the procedure outlined in section one
hundred and thirty-three of the Constitution is to be followed.
The Governor-General may resign at any time by giving notice to the Federal Executive Council and
the Chief Justice, after which the procedure outlined in section one hundred and thirty-two of the
Constitution is to be followed.
135 Rights and responsibilities of Parliamentary Moderators
The role of Parliamentary Moderators is to ensure that the simulation is running smoothly, to handle
any disputes, and to ensure that the needs of the community are being provided for.
Parliamentary Moderators are to achieve consensus where possible in any activity they perform.
The opinion of the longest serving Parliamentary Moderator shall have weighting in the event of any
contention.
136 Requirements to be Parliamentary Moderator
Any Justice serving in a federal court of Australia, including the High Court of Australia, shall
automatically be a Parliamentary Moderator.
Otherwise, the Governor-General may appoint a person to be a moderator. A new moderator who is
appointed by the Governor-General must be approved by a joint sitting of Parliament to be conducted
no less than three days after their appointment. If the Parliament is not sitting during this time, the
members composing the Parliament at the time of adjournment, promulgation, etc. shall be taken to
constitute the members of Parliament for the purposes of the joint sitting.
No person shall be a Parliamentary Moderator if they are, or becomes, a parliamentarian.
137 Moderation powers in parliamentary chambers
As an exception to section one hundred and thirty-six of the Constitution, the head of a parliamentary
chamber and their deputies shall have full moderator rights for the purposes of managing the business
of the appropriate parliamentary chamber.
A parliamentary chamber shall include the House of Representatives, the Senate, any Committee’s
formed, and the like.
138 Number of Parliamentary Moderators
There must be at least three Parliamentary Moderators (and a Governor-General).
If there are less than the amount, the Governor-General shall appoint a moderator as per section one
hundred and thirty-six of the Constitution, or the Federal Executive Council shall appoint a suitable
person to serve in the High Court of Australia (or other federal judicial court), or the Parliament shall
vote on a person to serve as a moderator.
Parliament may legislate to increase the number of Parliamentary Moderators, but can never decrease
it to below three moderators (and a Governor-General).
139 Resignation or removal of Parliamentary Moderators
A Parliamentary Moderator may resign by providing two days’ notice to the Governor-General.
A Parliamentary Moderator may be removed if two other Parliamentary Moderator petition the
Parliament for the Parliamentary Moderator to be removed. On receipt of the petition, the removal of
the Parliamentary Moderator must be approved by a joint sitting of Parliament to be conducted no less
than three days after their appointment. If the Parliament is not sitting during this time, the members
composing the Parliament at the time of adjournment, promulgation, etc. shall be taken to constitute
the members of Parliament for the purposes of the joint sitting.
If at the time of removal, the Parliamentary Moderator was a judiciary member, he will continue to
serve as a judiciary member unless otherwise removed as a judiciary member by a mechanism of the
Constitution or other applicable law.
140 Justice
The role of the Justice is to serve in any federal Court, including the High Court of Australia.
A Justice is to be appointed by the Federal Executive Council.
A Justice must not be a member or have an active affiliation with a political party.
A new Justice must be approved by a joint sitting of Parliament to be conducted no less than three
days after their appointment. If the Parliament is not sitting during this time, the members composing
the Parliament at the time of adjournment, promulgation, etc. shall be taken to constitute the members
of Parliament for the purposes of the joint sitting.
141 Backup subreddit
The Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia must be the head reddit moderator of a backup
subreddit. This must be done within three days from their appointment into the role.
142 Code of Conduct
The Parliament of AustraliaSim may make laws governing the regulation of discourse throughout the
area defined within section ten of the Constitution of AustraliaSim Act.
143 Discord Management
The Discord Server shall be managed by the Parliamentary Moderators.
The Governor-General shall have access to view all channels.
The Judiciary must have the same powers as the Governor-General. An individual Judiciary member
may waive this right. It cannot be a precondition of service as a Judiciary member that the member is
coerced or otherwise in waiving said right.
144 Interpretation
Where there is ambiguity, this chapter shall be interpreted to balance the following objectives:
i) The stability of the simulation;
ii) The simulation of the rule of law;
iii) The welfare of members participating in the simulation; and
iv) Any other stakeholders that may be affected by the ambiguity.
Chapter IX – Alteration of the Constitution
145 Mode of altering the Constitution
This Constitution shall not be altered except in the following manner:
This document may only be modified through a bill passed through Parliament and approved by the
majority of electors in a nationwide referendum to be held no less than two weeks after the passage of
the bill.
If there are two or more States founded, then in addition to the nation approving the referendum
question, one half or more of the states must approve of the referendum question.
Emergency modifications may be made through a vote passed by two-thirds of the Parliamentary
Moderators. In the same vote, two-thirds of the judiciary must also agree. Such amendments should
then go to the Parliament to be approved via a joint sitting of the chambers no less than one week after
the first sitting of Parliament. If the amendment is voted against, the amendment is to be struck down
but any actions taken as a consequence of the emergency amendment shall remain valid.
Chapter X – Transitional Provisions
146 Transitional Provisions
On the day in which this Bill is assented, and following approval from the electors via a referendum,
whoever is sitting in the House of Representatives will sit until 26th January 2018, and whoever is
sitting in the Senate that was elected before the election on the 1st November 2017 will sit until 26th
January 2018, and whoever was elected at or after the election on the 1st November 2017 will sit for a
period that will last two general election cycles, the length of which shall be based on the provisions
of this Constitution.
Nothing in this section prevents the early dissolution of parliament.
Schedule
OATH
I, A.B., do swear that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Victoria, Her
heirs and successors according to law. SO HELP ME GOD!
AFFIRMATION
I, A.B., do solemnly and sincerely affirm and declare that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to
Her Majesty Queen Victoria, Her heirs and successors according to law.
(NOTE: The name of the King or Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for the
time being is to be substituted from time to time.)